Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is now recognized as the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally and has become a major metabolic health burden in developing nations like India. It encompasses a spectrum ranging from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The condition is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension—core components of metabolic syndrome. The present hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in the Department of General Medicine, Santosh Medical College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, to determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of NAFLD among adults with metabolic syndrome. A total of 300 adult patients, aged 25–70 years, meeting the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria for metabolic syndrome, were enrolled. After obtaining informed consent, all participants underwent detailed clinical evaluation, anthropometric assessment, liver function tests, fasting lipid profile, fasting glucose, and ultrasonography of the abdomen to confirm fatty liver. NAFLD was graded sonographically into Grade I (mild), Grade II (moderate), and Grade III (severe) steatosis. The prevalence of NAFLD in the study population was 62.7%, with Grade I being the most common (48%), followed by Grade II (32%) and Grade III (20%). Significant associations were found between NAFLD and elevated body mass index (BMI ≥27 kg/m²), hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance (p < 0.05). Males showed a slightly higher prevalence than females. The study highlights a strong link between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome components, indicating that hepatic steatosis should be considered a hepatic manifestation of systemic metabolic dysfunction. Routine ultrasonographic screening and metabolic control can aid in early diagnosis and prevention of progressive liver injury among at-risk adults.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Metabolic Syndrome, Insulin Resistance, Dyslipidemia, Obesity, Ultrasonography, Hepatic Steatosis, Risk Factors