The term "mobile ad hoc network" refers to a system that consists of mobile nodes that are self-governing and independent and that connect with one another using wireless networks but have no permanent infrastructure. A Mobile Ad hoc Network, abbreviated as MANET, is a collection of mobile nodes that number more than two and have the ability to configure themselves. It is a network that does not require any infrastructure; thus we do not require any form of base stations or access points to use it. It is dynamic in nature, which means that nodes are free to move in and out of the network at any time and from any location. Additionally, the network itself is mobile. MANET is susceptible to a wide variety of security flaws on account of its core properties, which include the absence of permanent infrastructure, dynamic topology, and wireless nature. Black Hole Attack is one type of potential security risk. During this type of attack, a rogue node will pretend to be one that has the shortest path between the source and the destination. As a consequence of this, the source node makes the decision to send the data packets through the malicious node, and the malicious node then makes the decision on whether to forward or drop the packet that was sent by the sender. Therefore, in order to ensure safe transmission in the face of the Black Hole Attack, researchers have periodically presented a variety of various security mechanisms and routing algorithms.

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET), Black Hole Attack, Routing Protocol