Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a widespread epidemic disease in Iraq caused by a protozoa parasite. This disease constitutes a health problem as it leaves permanent skin scars. The current study was conducted to shed light on the epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Dhi Qar governorate, where the study included four local areas, namely Al-Husseini Teaching Hospital, Shatrah General Hospital, Suq Al-Shuyoukh General Hospital and Al-Rifai General Hospital for the period from the beginning of October 2021 to the end of August 2022 and for different age groups ranging from Between 11 months and 79 years. The aim of the current study was to know the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Dhi Qar Governorate and its sub-districts and districts. The results of the current study recorded 125 people with cutaneous leishmaniasis after they were diagnosed clinically by the specialized doctor as having cutaneous leishmaniasis and not another skin disease . 45 patients were selected to perform 45 skin biopsies and diagnose them using IHC technology and identify the infection using proteins CD1a,CD68As well as 45 patients were selected to conduct skin smears and draw 3 ml of blood for the patients to conduct blood tests. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences P<0.05 between males (%60.8) and females (%39.2) infected The current study recorded significant differences between the age groups, as the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was higher within the age group >10, with a percentage of %29.6 As for the lowest injury, it was within the age group70-79, with a percentage of % 0.8 As for the distribution of injuries according to the geographical location of the governorate, it reached the highest percentage%31.2. In Nasiriyah district, the lowest percentage is %0.8 in Al-Fadhliah, Al-Fajr and Al-Tar districts. As for the distribution of infection according to the nature of housing, the urban population had the highest rate %63.2. As for the rural population, the rate of infection was reached%36.8 The results of the current study recorded a significant difference P<0.05 in the number of pests. (%45.6) For one pest infestation, the percentage (%24.8) of infection with two pests, the percentage (%20) of infection with three pests, and the percentage (%9.6) of more than three pests, while the results of the statistical analysis recorded significant differences between the sites of the pests Where the upper extremities recorded (%48.3) the highest percentage, while the rest of the body (%5.9) the lowest percentage of injury site . The highest infection rate was recorded in January, at a rate of (%37.6) No injuries were recorded in the months of June ,July and August . As for the distribution of infection according to the source of infection, the highest percentage was (%48.8) For waste and sewage water and less than (%22.4) It was for rodents and loose animals .

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