Due to their therapeutic qualities, medicinal plants have played a significant role in humanity's development from the dawn of time. Plant-based medicines' essential qualities, including safety, quality, and effectiveness, guarantee their place in healthcare. The Lecythidaceae family includes the cannonball tree, CouroupitaguianensisAubl (Brazil-nut family). Due to its extensive therapeutic benefits, including its antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antimycobacterial, analgesic, antiarthritic, anti-biofilm, antidiarrheal, antifertility, antipyretic, antistress, antitumor, antiulcer, antidermatophytic, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activities, the cannonball tree has attracted attention from all over the world.Nearly every component of the tree has been traditionally utilised to cure a variety of diseases. The chemical compound isatin, which is extracted from the C. guianensis flower, has also been utilised as a preventative agent, inhibits free radicalinduced cancer, kills cancer cells, and possesses antioxidant (serve as main defence) and anticancer activity against human promylocytic leukaemia 60 cells. The chloroform extract of C. guianensis fruit has strong antibacterial activity but weak antimycobacterial activity. The analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of the plant extract of C. guianensis are comparable to those of well-known medications like indomethacin and paracetamol.

Couroupitaguianensis,Cannonball tree, Phytoconstituents,Pharmacological activities, Antibacterial activity.