Background: Obesity is a major global health concern associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Pharmacological interventions, such as Orlistat and Metformin, have gained attention for their potential to promote weight loss and improve metabolic parameters. Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Orlistat and Metformin for weight loss in individuals with obesity. Methods: A total of 300 participants were enrolled in a six-month comparative study conducted at the DHQ Teaching Hospital in DG Khan, Pakistan, from January 2023 to June 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to either Group A (Orlistat) or Group B (Metformin). Primary outcome measures included changes in body weight, while secondary measures encompassed BMI, waist circumference, fasting glucose levels, and lipid profiles. Adverse events were monitored, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and appropriate statistical tests. Results: Both treatment groups demonstrated significant reductions in body weight. Group A exhibited a mean weight loss of 4.2 kg (± 2.1), and Group B experienced a mean loss of 3.5 kg (± 1.8) (p < 0.05). Improvements in secondary outcomes, including BMI, waist circumference, and fasting glucose levels, were also observed in both groups. The Orlistat group showed a slightly greater BMI reduction. Adverse events were comparable between the two interventions, with mild gastrointestinal discomfort being the most common. Conclusion: Both Orlistat and Metformin interventions proved effective in promoting weight loss and metabolic improvements. The findings highlight their potential impact on obesity management and associated health risks. Future research with longer follow-up and larger cohorts is warranted to further validate these results.

Obesity is a major global health concern associated with increased morbidity and mortality.