Thalassemia is caused by a genetic mutation in the DNA of hemoglobin-forming cells, and this mutation is genetically passed from parents to children, causing low levels of hemoglobin production. This study describes the changes that occur to bone morphogen protein2(BMP2) in patients with beta thalassemia major,it also describes changes in their interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels, as well as describing their oxidant-antioxidant Status, and compares all of this to healthy controls, then describing the relationships of the parameters to each other. Ninety people were taken for the study, their ages ranged from (5-20 years). They were classified into groups; (PG1) male patients, (PG2) female patients, (CG1) male controls, (CG2) female controls. A significant increase was found for the group of patients in the level of each (BMP2), (IL-8) and total oxidant status (TOS) where (p<0.05) for each of them compared to the control group. While there was a significant deficiency of patients in the level of total antioxidants capacity assay(TAC) where (p<0.05) compared to the control group. There is no significant value between the concentrations of the studied parameters between groups of males and females. On the other hand, the patients themselves were divided into two other groups, the splenectomy group and the no splenectomy group It was noted that there is a significant difference between them (p<0.05).

Bone Morphogenic Protein 2; Interleukin-8; Stem Cells; Total Oxidant Status; Total Antioxidants Capacity Assay; Iron Overload.