Political belief is a unique way of human spiritual pursuit. It is the source of human spiritual civilization. Political belief and atheism have different characteristics and mechanisms in cognitive basis, establishment process and psychology. Based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) testing technology, this paper studies undergraduates ' political belief and atheism from the perspective of cognitive mechanism and makes a comparative study of political belief and atheism. The results show that the college students’ atheism dimension is very low, and the degree of atheism of girls is obviously higher than that of boys. Political believers respond to political belief materials faster than other materials and have a higher correct rate of all materials than that of atheists. The attitude of party members in political believers to party words is the same as that of atheists, and they all show positive attitude. As far as this experiment is concerned, the belief of political believers is consistent with that of college students.

Political Belief, Atheism, EEG Testing Technology, Atheism Dimension