The brain is a nervous tissue's mass at the anterior end of a living organism and it integrates sensory information and directs motor responses. It is also a learning center for higher vertebrates. The human brain weighs approximately 3 pounds and consists of billions of cells called neurons. Previous studies indicate that immune cells are essential functional components in the healthy and pathological brain. Cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) is a high-dimensional single-cell detection technology that allows the measurement of up to 100 cell markers with a small number of samples. This technique aims to measure the physical and chemical characteristics of particles individually, and thus animal, plant, and microbial cells can be often examined with this method. This technique makes it possible to detect different types of single cells under stable and diseased brain conditions; hence, the present study used a review approach to investigate this technique and its various applications in brain immunology and discussed the ability of this technique and its empirical results.

Cytometry, Brain, Brain immunology, Cell diagnosis