Dark matter and dark energy are two of the most intriguing components of the universe, comprising the majority of its total mass-energy content. Dark matter, which is invisible and does not interact with electromagnetic radiation, is believed to play a crucial role in the formation of cosmic structures such as galaxies and galaxy clusters. Dark energy, on the other hand, is thought to be responsible for the accelerated expansion of the universe. This paper provides an overview of the current understanding of dark matter and dark energy, including their definitions, properties, and observational evidence. It also discusses the interplay between dark matter and dark energy, their cosmological consequences, and the current efforts to understand their relationship. By combining observational data with theoretical models, researchers aim to unravel the mysteries of these elusive components and gain deeper insights into the nature of the universe itself.

Dark matter, dark energy, cosmology, gravitational interactions, universe evolution