This study aimed was to detection of some antibiotic resistance genes ,in bacterial isolates from patients with urinary tract infections.Entire 278 of urine specimens mid-stream collect from the sick suffering from urinary tract infections whom attended to the infirmaries in Al Najaf Al Ashraf province and private medical laboratories during the period from November 2021 to March 2022 . Out of 242 bacterial and fungal isolates (198 bacterial isolates and 38 yeast isolates) .The results show that UTI most commonly caused by Escherichia coli (41.9% ), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%), Proteus mirabilis( 1.7%), Enterococcus faecalis(2.1%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus(3.8%), Staphylococcus aureus(6.8%),Staphylococcus spp. (3%),Streptococcus spp(2.1%),Enterobacter(3.8%),Pseudomonas auroginosa(2.1%), Salmonilla (2.1%),Citrobacter(1.3%),Serratia(1.3%),Candida albicans(2.1%) and Candida krusie(14%).This study involved molecular study of some genes(OXA gene and TEMgene) that responsible for antibiotic resistance isolated from Escherichia coli andKlebsiella pneumoniae from urine samples by using PCR technique.By boiling method ,we isolate DNA for 18 samples(10 from E.coli and 8 K.pneumonia). The results show that all samples of both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae does not possess OXA gene(with molecular weight 928 bp). The PCR results show that the TEMgene (with molecular weight 766 bp) was present in all of the bacterial isolates of both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae except one sample(K .pneumonia ) which did not possess TEM gene ,that means all bacterial isolates of E. coli possess TEM gene while some isolates of K .pneumonia does not carry this gene.

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