The development of nanotechnology has led to a rise in interest in economical and environmentally friendly ways to create metal nanoparticles. A sustainable substitute for traditional chemical and physical methods—which are frequently costly, energy-intensive, and ecologically hazardous—is green synthesis, which uses plant-based extracts. This work uses aqueous leaf extracts of Catharanthus roseus, a medicinal plant with a complex phytochemical profile that includes terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolic chemicals, to investigate the production of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Under normal circumstances, the phytochemicals reduce copper ions to create stable nanoparticles by acting as natural capping and reducing agents. The optical, structural, and morphological characteristics of the produced CuNPs were assessed by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A distinctive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at about 570 nm was visible in the UV-Vis spectra, signifying that CuNPs had formed successfully. The participation of functional groups including hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amine moieties in the reduction and stabilization processes was validated by FTIR analysis. SEM pictures revealed spherical shape with particle sizes ranging from 20 to 50 nm, while XRD patterns displayed distinct peaks that corresponded to crystalline copper. The work shows a simple and repeatable synthesis method that utilizes Catharanthus roseus bioactive potential while also adhering to green chemistry principles. Additionally, the produced CuNPs have characteristics that make them appropriate for use in biomedical research, environmental cleanup, catalysis, and antibacterial therapies.

Copper nanoparticles, Catharanthus roseus, green synthesis, phytochemicals, nanotechnology, etc.