The efficacy of preoperative nutritional optimization in reducing postoperative complications in major abdominal surgeries has become a significant area of research, especially for malnourished patients. This study evaluates the role of preoperative nutritional optimization, including the use of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, in reducing complications and promoting recovery in patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries. Malnutrition is associated with increased risk of complications such as infections, delayed wound healing, and prolonged hospital stays. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of nutritional interventions on postoperative outcomes, focusing on malnourished patients, and evaluate how ERAS protocols further enhance these outcomes. A total of 120 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery between 2009 and 2010 were included in this study. These patients were divided into two groups: a control group, which received standard preoperative care, and an intervention group, which underwent preoperative nutritional optimization followed by the implementation of ERAS protocols. Nutritional optimization involved dietary assessments, the use of enteral nutrition, and supplementation of essential nutrients such as proteins, vitamins, and minerals in patients identified as malnourished. The results indicated that patients who underwent preoperative nutritional optimization and ERAS protocols had significantly lower rates of postoperative complications, including wound infections, sepsis, and delayed recovery. Furthermore, these patients showed faster recovery, shorter hospital stays, and better overall outcomes in terms of mobility and return to normal activities. The study concludes that preoperative nutritional optimization combined with ERAS protocols plays a crucial role in enhancing the recovery process, reducing complications, and improving the overall prognosis of malnourished patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries.

Preoperative nutritional optimization, malnourished patients, ERAS protocols, major abdominal surgeries, postoperative complications, recovery, wound healing.