Emergence agitation (EA) is a state of anxiety, irritability, non-purposeful movement, thrashing, and disorientation during early recovery from general anesthesia. The incidence of emergence agitation ranges from 18% to over 80%, depending on the risk factors, which include age, preoperative anxiety, type of anesthesia and premedication, as well as the surgical -procedure, and inadequate analgesia. Sevoflurane is commonly used for both induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in pediatric patients because it is a fast and a well-tolerated inhalational agent, with a hemodynamic stability, low hepatotoxicity and with- a-rapid emergence from anesthesia. However, its use is associated with increased incidence of EA specially in adenotonsillectomy, cleft palate repair and strabismus surgery. Although EA usually resolves spontaneously in a short time, it may have some- bad- consequences such as self-injury, accidental removal of drains, catheters or -the endotracheal tube, bleeding from the surgical wound, and long-term behavior changes as well as sleep disorders

Emergence Agitation, Ketamine, Dexmedetomidine and Propofol