Volume 21 No 6 (2023)
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Evaluation of Wheat Germplasm against leaf Rust and its Management
Muhammad Soban, Hina Zafar, Maham Mustafa, Rao Mudasser Iqbal, Muhammad Moazzam Bin Rasheed, Humna Khalid, Azra Razzaq, Adnan Ahmad
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate different cultivated wheat varieties against leaf rust and its in-vivo management. Ten different wheat varieties were evaluated with three replications under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial adjustment. Treatments included To (no inoculation) and T1 (with rust inoculation) was sprayed to induce disease conditions. To decide the level of disease severity index, a specialized rating scale was followed. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) in the present study showed an apparent variation of the recorded agronomic characters in all treatments except number of tillers per plant. Moreover, significant interaction between treatments and varieties showed that each variety respond variably in all treatments. It directly depicts the precision of the experimental design i.e. RCBD under factorial adjustment. Under sole diseased treatment, fungal infestation severely affected the growth and development of all varieties; while Akbar-19 showed lowest disease severity index (9 %); thus, had a “highly resistant” status on disease rating scale. On the other hand, variety named “Aas-11” showed highest disease severity index (45.33 %); thus, had a “susceptible” status on disease rating scale. In order to alleviate rust infestation, foliar application of copper sulphate, zinc nitrite, propiconazole, tebuconazole (50%)+trifloxystrobin (25%) was accomplished to elucidate their beneficial effects in alleviating leaf rust infestation in wheat. Comparative results of different chemical treatments based on yield and yield related characters showed significant improvement in overall performance of all varieties as compared to that of diseased ones. Chemical application lowered the disease severity index of all evaluated varieties in comparison with sole diseased treatment. However, efficiency of different chemicals varied with respect to each other. Among applied chemicals, “Propiconazole” showed highest efficiency in reducing the disease severity index; while “Copper Sulphate” showed lowest efficiency in this regard. In conclusion, Akbar-19 variety showed superior performance in all of the evaluated varieties. Additionally, Propiconazole can be used for the effective management of leaf rust in wheat.
Keywords
Leaf Rust, Wheat Germplasm, Wheat Varieties, Akbar-19
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