Volume 20 No 8 (2022)
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Functional, Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties of Sweet Potato and its Utilization in Production of Jam
Azhari Siddeeg, Zakaria Ahmed Salih, Maisa Bushra Omer Ahmed, Mai Ahmed Abdelrazig Ahmed, Abdel Moneim O. A. Babike, Ammar Al-Farga
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is cultivated throughout the tropics and warm
temperate regions, for its starchy, It’s the major economic plant of the crop.Sweet potatoes
are considered as one of the most important food crops due to the health contributing
principles in the tubers and leaves. Jam is prepared from fruits and vegetable pulp by boiling
with a sufficient quantity of sugar to a moderately thick consistency. The objective ofthe
present study was carried out toanalyze the functional, physicochemical, and nutritional
properties of sweet potato and its utilization in the production of jam. Standard methods
were used in this research to determine the proximate chemical composition,
physicochemical andfunctional properties.Sensory analysis was conducted using a 10-
members panel, anddata analysis wasconducted using a statistical package for the Social
Sciences (SPSS) software.Proximate composition of raw sweet potato on the wet basis
reported higher values in moisture and total carbohydrates (68 and 27%), respectively,
followed by ash, protein, and fat contents (1.27, 2.10, and 1.25%). The energy value of sweet
potato pulp was found to be 381321 K. Cal/100g. Minerals content of sweet potato pulp was
determined for sodium and potassium and found to be 32 and 65 mg/100 g,
respectively.Functional properties of sweet potato flour showed that water absorption
capacity 4.0 g/ml, oil absorption capacity: 1.25 g/ml, and bulk density: 0.7 g/ml, while
thegelatinization temperaturewas found to bedecreased with concentration.Total solublesolids, pH, and viscosity of the processed jam were determined (68%, 3.46, and 300
centipoises), respectively.The highest content of the processed jam was found total sugar
(55.92%), followed by protein (5.46%), while fat and ash were found with low concentrations
(0.73 and 0.48%, respectively). The energy value of sweet potato jam was calculated and
found to be 228326 K. Cal/100g.Sensory analysis results indicated that no significant
difference (p<0.05) between sweet potato jam and control in all the parameters, except for
a quite significant difference (p<0.05) in the overall acceptability. The results of this study
indicated that sweet potato roots can be used as raw material for theproduction of
jam.Therefore, it can be explored as a new source of jam processing in small-scale industries
and family level. Further research’s about vitamins and amino acid contents as well as sugar
profile sweet potato jam are recommended to study.
Keywords
Functional properties, nutritional value, sweet potato, jam production
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