Objective: The objective of this research article is the identification of new risk factors for heart failure by proteomic profiling of eighty proteins which has been previously found associated with cardiovascular pathology. Materials and Methods:Proximity extension assay (Proteomic profiling) has been performed in two different communities with varying cohorts in the elderly at the baseline without heart failure. The prospective of the research were Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature (PIV) and Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (LSAM) having respective values (80 events, median age = 70.2 years, n = 901) and (90 events, median age = 77.8 years, n = 685). Incident of heart failure was associated with 29 proteins as observed in PIV with adjusted sex and age. Corrections were made after multiple tests. In LSAM there were 18 proteins associated with heart failure. High level of 9 proteins were related to the incident of heart failure among both the cohorts. Established risk factors were also adjusted. Worsen echocardiographic left ventricular systolic function was associated with growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15),urokinase-type plasminogen activator surface receptor (U-PAR), matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2), spondin-1 (SPON1) and follistatin (FS). P value for all was <0.02. Results: The final characteristics of PIV included median age of 70 years among a total of 901 participants. In LSAM the characteristic showed median age of 78 years among 685 participants. During follow-up among PIV the age range was 0.1-10.9 years with a median of 10 years, 80 hospitalizations due to heart failure with a heart failure rate of 0.96 among 100 persons. Among LSAM there were 90 hospitalizations due to heart failure the age range was 0.2-10.9 years with a median of 8 years and the heart failure rate was 1.83 among 100 persons. False discovery rate among PIV was 5% with the association of 29 proteins after adjusted sex and age. Among LSAM the association of 18 proteins was nominal for the incident of heart failure. Conclusion: Several novel associations for the involvement of proteins in fibrinolysis, apoptosis, inflammation, matrix remodeling and heart failure were identified through Proteomic profiling in the research study among elderly. The outcomes of this research also correspond to other investigations that studied underlying clinical utilities and mechanisms.

Epidemiology, Heart failure, Left ventricular dysfunction, Risk prediction, Proteomics and Biomarkers.