Clean & safe water is the fundamental right of each & every individual. Though water covers 75% of the planet's surface, just 3% of it is freshwater. Moreover rise in population, expanding industrialization, urbanization and extensive agriculture practices has not only generated lot of wastewater but has also polluted the water. This contaminated water has been liable for the death of millions of individuals. Effective and cheap methods are required to remove toxic metals and harmful chemicals from the wastewater. This review article features the Modern clay modification methods and their promise as an efficient adsorbing agent to remove effluents from aqueous solution. Clay has been area of great interest for researchers as clays are natural materials, cheap, nontoxic and have good abundance in the environment. Various clay modification methods have been utilised to upgrade the surface region, pore volume, and active sites on the outer layer of clay to work on their capacity to adsorb effluent from their aqueous solution. Thermal treatment process helps in activation, structural transformation and disruption of clay. The techniques used for the same are as treatment with surfactants, heat, plasma and polymer. According to the research, modified clays are considerably better adsorbing agents than natural clay and are an economically feasible and sustainable decision for the expulsion of effluents from water. This conclusion is based on the literature study.

Clay modification,Effluents, wastewater, biogenic, mechano-chemical, polymer