Bird migration is a fascinating natural phenomenon that has captured the interest of scientists and enthusiasts alike. Understanding the ecological drivers and patterns of bird migration is crucial for conservation efforts and ecosystem management. This paper provides an integrative review of the environmental, biological, and anthropogenic factors influencing bird migration, with a focus on the Indian scenario. The paper examines the importance of conserving migratory bird populations and proposes conservation strategies and policy recommendations for protecting migratory routes. Case studies of specific bird species and their migration routes are presented, highlighting the challenges faced during migration. The impact of environmental change, particularly climate change and habitat loss, on migratory patterns is discussed, along with future research directions. This review underscores the importance of understanding and conserving bird migration for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services.

bird migration, ecological drivers, conservation, environmental change, Indian scenario.