This is a review paper which aims to observe the trends in changes in nutritional status and the shifting burden of disease in India. The objective of the paper is to analyze whether the increase in the economic growth rate has translated into an improvement in nutritional standards and health conditions. The study used data from five NFHS surveys (1992–2020), world bank reports and budget reports by the Government of India. The study employed a review approach to the data obtained from NFHS and budget reports. Despite several initiatives and regulations, this three-decadal analysis found that marginalized groups and women are disproportionately affected by the epidemiological transition in spite of a positive economic growth rate. Regardless of the fact that India has many grass-root level nutritional initiatives, the nutritional condition of women and children remains a significant public health problem. India suffers from a double burden of malnutrition and epidemiological transition despite having a positive growth rate in the economy since liberalization of the economy in India. There are differences in health between different parts of Indian society, and policies and programs need to be put in place to fix this.

Economic growth rate, Epidemiological transition, Marginalized sections, Nutritional status.