Plant-microbe interactions play a crucial role in shaping the dynamics of agroecosystems, influencing nutrient cycling, plant health, and productivity. In Indian agriculture, these interactions have significant implications for sustainable crop production and environmental conservation. This review examines the importance of plant-microbe interactions in Indian agroecosystems, highlighting their role in nutrient exchange, disease suppression, and stress tolerance mechanisms. Factors influencing these interactions, such as soil characteristics, climate, and agricultural practices, are discussed, along with their impact on crop productivity. The review also explores the applications of plant-microbe interactions in biofertilizers, biocontrol agents, and bioremediation for sustainable agriculture in India. Future research directions and challenges in this field are outlined, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary approaches to address complex microbial communities and functional roles. By harnessing the potential of plant-microbe interactions, India can achieve sustainable agricultural practices that ensure food security and environmental sustainability.

plant-microbe interactions, agroecosystems, sustainable agriculture, biofertilizers, biocontrol agents, bioremediation, India