Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) during pregnancy is a global health issue, with pregnant women in India being particularly vulnerable. In Madhya Pradesh (MP), the prevalence of anaemia is significantly higher than the national average, making it a critical public health concern. This study aims to explore the prevalence, socio-economic determinants, and healthcare-related factors contributing to IDA among pregnant women in MP. Objective: To assess the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency among pregnant women in MP, and to identify the socio-economic, dietary, and healthcare access factors influencing its occurrence. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 470 pregnant women from urban and rural districts of MP. Biochemical markers such as hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum iron levels were measured. A structured questionnaire collected socio-economic data, including income, education, and dietary habits. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews to explore cultural practices and healthcare access. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 58.7%, with 64.5% showing iron deficiency. Anaemia prevalence was higher in rural areas (65.1%) compared to urban areas (52.3%). Low income, lower education, and vegetarian diets were significant socio-economic determinants. Limited healthcare access and cultural barriers to iron supplementation further exacerbated the issue. Conclusion: IDA remains a significant health challenge in MP, particularly in rural areas. Interventions should focus on improving dietary diversity, enhancing healthcare access, and addressing cultural barriers to iron supplementation.

Iron Deficiency Anaemia, Pregnant Women, Madhya Pradesh, Socio-Economic Factors, Healthcare Access, Dietary Patterns, Public Health Interventions, Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB).