Green chemistry, also known as sustainable chemistry, has emerged as a pivotal discipline in addressing environmental and societal challenges associated with conventional chemical practices. This review paper provides an overview of recent advances in green chemistry, focusing on key principles, innovative synthesis techniques, and applications in various industries. The paper discusses principles such as atom economy, the use of renewable resources, waste minimization, and safer chemical syntheses, highlighting their importance in promoting sustainability and reducing environmental impact. Furthermore, it explores solvent-free synthesis techniques, renewable feedstock utilization, catalysis, energy-efficient processes, and applications in the pharmaceutical and industrial sectors. Challenges and future perspectives in scaling up green processes, ensuring economic viability, and integrating green chemistry into education and policies are also discussed. By synthesizing information from diverse sources, this review aims to contribute to the advancement and adoption of green chemistry principles for a more sustainable future.

Green chemistry, sustainable chemistry, renewable resources, solvent-free synthesis, catalysis, energy efficiency, pharmaceutical industry, industrial applications, sustainability.