This scientific article presents a comprehensive study on the use of advanced optimization algorithms, including practical swarm optimization (PSO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA), to extract maximum power from a photovoltaic (PV) pumping system based on synchronous machine under partial shading condition. The study aims to investigate the performance of these optimization algorithms under partial shading scenario, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these algorithms in terms of maximum power extraction and convergence speed. Previous research has largely focused on conventional MPPT algorithms, and has not explored the potential benefits of advanced optimization algorithms in PV pumping systems under partial shading conditions. To address this gap, the current study provides a comprehensive overview of PV pumping systems, including the mechanism of power generation, and the impact of partial shading on the system's performance. The study also uses experimental data extracted from NASA Power worldwide prediction of the city Ain El Ibel, Djelfa Algeria during the month of August 2022 to simulate shading conditions, which are modeled using the linear interpolation method. The three optimization algorithms, PSO, GWO, and CSA, are then described in detail, including their principles, parameters, and methods of implementation. The simulation results demonstrate that the GWO algorithm performed the best among the three algorithms in terms of maximum power extraction, achieving up to 26% higher power output than the other two algorithms. The GWO algorithm also had the fastest convergence speed of among the three algorithms, reaching the optimal solution in a shorter time of 0.04s. Overall, this study contributes to the current literature by highlighting the potential benefits of advanced optimization algorithms in PV pumping systems under partial shading conditions. The findings of this study could inform the design and optimization of future PV pumping systems, leading to more efficient and reliable performance.

PV System; PMSM; PSO;GWO;CSA; MPPT; Partial Shading; Pumping System