Background: Chronic kidney disease is a growing global health concern, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to its silent progression. Early detection is crucial to prevent irreversible renal damage. Urine analysis is a simple, cost-effective diagnostic tool that may help in identifying early renal abnormalities, especially in high-risk populations. Objectives: To evaluate the role of routine urine analysis in the early detection of renal disorders among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in North India and to assess its association with common risk factors. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to November 2021 in a tertiary care hospital in North India. A total of 70 adult patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled using consecutive sampling. Midstream urine samples were collected and analyzed using dipstick and microscopic examination. Data regarding demographic variables and comorbidities were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 70 participants, 60% were male and the majority belonged to the 46–60 years age group. Hypertension (45.7%) and diabetes mellitus (40%) were the most common comorbidities. Urine analysis revealed proteinuria in 37.1%, glycosuria in 31.4%, leukocyte esterase positivity in 25.7%, and hematuria in 20% of patients. Microscopic examination showed pyuria (28.6%), RBCs (22.9%), and casts (17.1%). Abnormal urine findings were significantly associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and combined comorbidity (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Routine urine analysis is an effective screening tool for early detection of renal abnormalities, particularly among high-risk individuals. Its incorporation into routine clinical practice can aid in early diagnosis and prevention of progression to chronic kidney disease.

Urine analysis; renal disorders; proteinuria; chronic kidney disease; early detection; hypertension; diabetes mellitus