This paper provides a comprehensive review of sustainable approaches in polymer chemistry, emphasizing advancements and challenges in the field. Sustainable polymer chemistry focuses on reducing environmental impact through the development and implementation of eco-friendly materials and processes. The review covers the principles of green chemistry and criteria for sustainable polymers, lifecycle assessment, renewable resources, and bio-based polymers. It highlights innovative polymerization techniques such as enzyme-catalyzed polymerization, metal-free catalysts, solvent-free systems, and energy-efficient processes like microwave-assisted polymerization and photopolymerization. The paper also discusses recyclable and degradable polymers, exploring mechanisms of degradation and methods for designing recyclable polymers. Challenges, including technical and economic barriers, regulatory considerations, and the need for research and innovation, are analyzed. The paper concludes with future directions, emphasizing the importance of integrating circular economy principles and advancing novel materials to foster sustainable practices in polymer chemistry.

Sustainable polymer chemistry, Green chemistry, Bio-based polymers, Enzyme-catalyzed polymerization