Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN)s are unique from terrestrial networks in several ways. This includes a restricted supply of energy, a lower bandwidth, longer propagation latencies, a more dynamic topology, and a higher error rate. For this reason, opportunistic Routing has recently attracted a lot of attention to improve packets' delivery rate and the energy efficiency of UWSNs in such a setting. Cooperating sensors in the ocean may use opportunistic data routing to send a packet to its destination, which is a good strategy for overcoming channel impairments like packet loss. This article presents a new routing protocol, the trustworthy route selection and opportunistic Routing protocol (TRSOR), that addresses the void issue and the high bit error rate without requiring a global positioning system. TRSOR can effectively and at the lowest feasible cost (including energy and latency) bypass all sorts of vacant spaces while picking the set of candidate nodes with the greatest packet progress. By altering the size of its forwarding set in response to the density of its neighbors, a forwarding node may strike a balance between packet throughput and energy consumption (sparse or dense). As a bonus, TRSOR may choose the forwarding set in any direction away from the sender (barring any hidden nodes). In a comprehensive simulation study, we found that TRSOR has much better results than other protocols regarding packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, and average end-to-end latency.

TRSOR, Trust, UWSN, opportunistic Routing, Route Selection.