Background:The newborn stage is very demanding and stressful. With the transition of the baby from the intra uterine to the extra uterine environment, numerous physiological adaptations take place. While in-utero, the baby received nutrients and metabolic substrates through the umbilical cord, extra-uterine survival requires an interaction between substrates stored in-utero and substrates acquired post-natally. Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study was during the period of 12 months (January 2021 till December 2021) in Newborn intensive Care Unit (NICU) and Post natal ward which is attached to NICU at Department of Paediatrics at Base hospital, Delhi Cantt. The study protocol conforms to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee before commencement. Results We observed that among IDM, mean cord hemoglobin was 16.17 ± 1.63 gm/dl, mean cord iron level was 156.9 ± 30.74 mcg/dl, mean cord ferritin was 71.8 ± 21.37 ng/ml and mean TIBC was 311.6 ± 63.16 mcg/dl. We observed that among IDM, 6.3% had low cord blood hemoglobin, 6.3% had low cord blood iron, 3.1% had low cord blood ferritin and 6.3% had high TIBC. Among VLBW neonates, mean cord hemoglobin was 15.41 ± 2.5 gm/dl, mean cord iron level was 141.7 ± 35.47 mcg/dl, mean cord ferritin was 65.95 ± 27.7 ng/ml and mean TIBC was 340.7 ± 71.6 mcg/dl. We observed that 9.1% had low cord blood hemoglobin, 18.2% had low cord blood iron, 13.6% had low cord blood ferritin and 18.2% had high TIBC. Conclusion Our current data indicate that some newborns are definitely iron deficient. Our findings support a more individualized approach to iron supplementation in infants. The measurement of cord blood iron parameters in neonates at risk at the moment of birth is necessary to detect any iron deficiency. In addition, newborns with low serum ferritin should have their iron status closely monitored.

Newborn, Hemoglobin,Anemia.