Peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) is a major cause of acute nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding. It is a common reason for emergency hospital admission and a major cause of mortality, morbidity and health care expenditure. Recurrent bleeding reported in 20% as the clinical course of PUB, with a mortality rate of PUB has remained unchanged for decades despite advancements made in techniques and equipment for controlling PUB, which constitute 5–8%. Therefore, prediction of rebleeding is important in determining whether a patient needs close monitoring or admission to the intensive care unit. Pre-endoscopy assessment and management includes assessing patient’s risk for hospitalization, providing adequate fluid and blood component resuscitation, prescribing medication such as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and identifying the timing of endoscopy. Endoscopic hemostasis represents the cornerstone of UGIB treatment. The Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS) have been developed for the prediction of clinical intervention. The recently published American College of Gastroenterology practice guidelines on the management of patients with ulcer bleeding recommend risk assessment in all patients in order to stratify them into high or low risk categories, since it may assist in initial decisions regarding the timing of endoscopy, time of discharge, and level of care.Early endoscopic procedure within 24 hours of admission allows earlier discharge of patients with low-risk and improves outcomes in patients with high risk. Lower costs are also associated with early discharge after endoscopy of low-risk patientsEndoscopic hemostasis is the current primary treatment for bleeding peptic ulcers. Endoscopic treatment can be divided into injection, thermal, and mechanical methods. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline for endoscopic management of patients presenting with peptic ulcer bleeding

10.14704/nq.2022.20.10.NQ551082