Children's emotions, dispositions, and actions are influenced by their immediate surroundings. By "physical environment," we mean the layout and design of institutional spaces like schools and lecture halls. Children learn the most during their time in a kindergarten setting, which is why the past decade has seen a number of modifications in the design of kindergartens as a result of shifts in both architecture and pedagogy. While architects produce designs in accordance with architectural theories and building standards (the "theoretical approach"), psychologists think that design should support local programme and philosophy (the "pedagogical approach"). This research will provide a novel strategy for improving kindergarten facilities, with the development of client-based design as a third strategy to integrate the first two. Therefore, kids were included in the preliminary stages of the project's design and development, representing a more advanced rung on hart's ladder. They were shown two different kindergarten designs in a virtual reality (VR) setting, namely a CAVE (Cave Automated Virtual Environment), and given the opportunity to provide feedback on the proposed layout and paint colours. The findings confirmed that CAVE is a powerful visualization tool that is well-suited to the abilities and visual perception of young learners

Physical environment; Kindergarten; Design; Virtual reality; Children participation