This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture / University of Basrah for the period from (1/12/2020) to (30/11/2021). The study aims to characterize the phenotypic and genetics of local Iraqi black goats using mitochondrial DNA inheritance (D-Loop). 160 blood samples were collected from local Iraqi black goats aged (1-2) years in the governorates of Al-Muthanna, DhiQar, Basrah and Maysan(40 samples for each governorate). The mtDNA was extracted, the genes were multiplied, and the sequences were found. A segment of 980 bp of the D-loop region were amplified.The number of haplotypes of the D-loop area reached 10 haplotypes.The total genetic polymorphism (NH) reached 31, and more than half of the total number of polymorphisms was in the animals of Al-Muthanna (17). The least polymorphism recorded in Thi-Qar and Maysan (2 each). The total genetic polymorphism was 96 (24 forms for each province).The total number of transition mutations for the D-loop region was 101, distributed equally on different governorates.The total number of transversion mutations for the D-Loop was 16 (4 for each governorates).The total haplotype diversity (HD) of the the D-loop region, the total haplotype diversity value was 0.752, and the highest haplotype diversity was in Al-Muthanna (0.779). As for the nucleotide diversity (π) of the D-loop region revealed a value of 0.01314, and the highest value was in Thi-Qar (0.01344).The results of the analysis of the haplotypes pattern of the D-loop area, one haplotype pattern recorded for local goat, and other patterns appeared for each global breed included India, Iran, Ireland, Romania and Turkey, and Italy and Spain shared one pattern.

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